Tax Planning With Cost Segregation and Bonus Depreciation
Cost segregation studies benefit businesses and investors who own real estate. These studies apply engineering and cost accounting principles to identify costs that can be reallocated to asset classes with shorter depreciable lives. A cost segregation study can also enhance the benefits of bonus depreciation and Sec. 179 expensing.Cost Segregation Studies
Generally, commercial buildings are depreciable over 39 years, while residential rental buildings are depreciable over 27.5 years. A cost segregation study identifies building components such as:
- equipment
- machinery
- fixtures
- land improvements
that are eligible for accelerated depreciation, typically over five, seven, or 15 years.
The result:
- Accelerated depreciation deductions,
- An immediate reduction in tax liability, and
- Improved cash flow.
Keep in mind that a cost segregation study doesn’t increase your depreciation deductions, it merely accelerates them. After year two, your deduction amounts will gradually decline and eventually drop below the straight-line depreciation level. But the tax and cash-flow benefits of accelerated depreciation in the early years can be substantial.
An Added Bonus
In addition to accelerating depreciation, a cost segregation study can identify assets eligible for bonus depreciation or Sec. 179 expensing. Bonus depreciation allows you to immediately deduct 50 percent of the cost of qualifying assets, including certain leasehold and other improvements to nonresidential buildings. Sec. 179 of the tax code allows you to immediately deduct 100 percent of the cost of qualifying equipment or other fixed assets up to specified thresholds.
By identifying property that qualifies for these tax breaks, a cost segregation study can boost your deductions and generate substantial present value tax savings. Note that bonus depreciation is scheduled to be phased out, beginning in 2018.
Is It Right for You?
It doesn’t pay to conduct a cost segregation study if you pay little or no income tax or if you plan to sell the building within the next five years. But in most other situations, the benefits of a study should far outweigh its costs.
Even if you acquired, constructed, or substantially improved a building in a previous year, it still may be possible to reap the benefits of a cost segregation study. Using a “look-back” study, you can claim missed depreciation from previous years by filing Form 3115 — Application for Change in Accounting Method — and taking a one-time “catch-up” deduction on your tax return for this year.
